Abstract: The article traced and studied the course of development of the main directions of scientific thought from ancient times to the present day, showing how scientific thought give a wealth of information for the scope of inventive activity; observed changes in the level applying for the invention in a number of countries around the world. It was revealed that the leadership in the marked positions increases the competitiveness of the national economy, creates favorable conditions for the development of a society's culture, its science and education.

Keywords: scientific thought, civilization, inventions, patents, electronics, techno, konurentosposobnost.

Abstract: in the article the necessity and possibility of the transfer of world energy for the use of cosmic energy. It is shown that the current trend of energy development at the turn of the centuries on wasteful burning of coal, oil and gas has led to catastrophic destruction of the health of the Earth and its population. Civilization can not live like today: you have to use cosmic energy.

Keywords: energy, global energy, civilization, environment, renewable energy, cosmic energy.

Summary: The purpose of this article - to justify the need for a broad development of small enterprises as an accelerator of growth rate of technical progress, production of quality products for men, they need services. Only on this highway, Russia's economy will escape from the grip of inflation.

Keywords: small businesses, innovation, import substitution.