Вплив досвіду розвинених країн світу на розвиток інвестиційної діяльності в сфері торгівлі України

English

The influence of the experience of developed countries on the development of investment activity in the field of trade in Ukraine

Abstract. Introduction. The article is aimed at studying the theoretical and methodological foundations for the development of investment activity in the sphere of trade in Ukraine based on the experience of stimulating investment activity in this sphere in developed countries. The analysis, systematization and generalization of the experience of state regulation of investment activity in different countries of the world have shown that the existing differences in the role of the state in the economy are related not only to the degree of state regulation, but also to the means used for its implementation. The author identifies and updates the main functions that the State should perform when forming an effective mechanism for regulating investment attraction in trade, as well as the main systemic directions of application of the mechanism for stimulating investment attraction in trade in a particular country, in particular, Ukraine. The article identifies and summarizes the peculiarities of application of investment incentives in developed countries. The systematic implementation of a sound regulatory instrumentarium for stimulating investment activity, taking into account the best foreign practices, can become an important catalyst for intensifying investment processes and, accordingly, ensuring sustainable development of the trade sector in Ukraine. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to study the theoretical and methodological foundations of the development of investment activity in the field of trade and to determine the main systemic directions of application of the mechanism of stimulating investment attraction in the field of trade of Ukraine based on the experience of developed countries. Materials and methods. The research materials are legislative and regulatory acts, reports, analytical reports and statistical materials of state authorities, the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the Ministry of Economy of Ukraine, the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine, information sources of international financial organizations, scientific works of domestic and foreign authors investigating the world experience in stimulating investment activity, in particular, in the field of trade. In the process of carrying out the research, the following scientific methods were used: a complex approach based on the identification of cause-and-effect relationships - to determine the factors and conditions of investment support for the development of the trade sphere, a historical-logical one - in the study of approaches used in world and Ukrainian practice with the aim of the development of investment activities as a factor in the development of the trade sphere; analytical - when evaluating the effectiveness of the industry regulatory policy of creating a pro-investment business environment. Results. The two main functions that the state should implement in the formation of an effective mechanism for regulating the attraction of investments in the sphere of trade have been identified and updated: the creation of a set of instruments for regulating the processes of attracting investments in the sphere of trade of the country, which would take into account the specifics of the functioning of a specific economy and its sphere of trade, as well as use the existing lessons from global regulatory practice; creation of an effective system of interaction between the state and domestic and foreign economic entities, aimed at taking into account the interests of all target groups of participants in the investment process. Discussion. In further research, it is proposed to focus attention on such practices as the use of tax incentives, the development of specialized financial and credit instruments, the active popularization of the investment attractiveness of trade, the improvement of the investment culture of the management staff of trade enterprises, as well as the implementation of public-private partnership initiatives. These approaches require in-depth analysis and adaptation to Ukrainian realities, taking into account the specifics of the domestic trade sphere. However, their systematic implementation, taking into account the best foreign practices, can become an important catalyst for the activation of investment processes and, accordingly, ensuring the sustainable development of the trade sphere in Ukraine.

Keywords: sphere of trade; investments; investment activity; stimulation of investment activity; development of investment activity