До проблем ризиків сільськогосподарських підприємств в умовах війни

English

To the problems of risks of agricultural enterprises in the conditions of war

Abstract. The article discusses the essence of risks. The main types of risks of agricultural enterprises are considered. Observation of the results of the activities of various types of business in Ukraine in 2022 made it possible to conclude that agriculture is one of the types of economic entities that have suffered the most. Moreover, Ukraine is an important supplier of agricultural products on the world market. As a result, the negative consequences of the war affected not only domestic enterprises, but also the world food market It is noted that enterprises of the agro-industrial complex in peacetime face three groups of risks: general risks, entrepreneurial (business, economic) risks, and agricultural risks. General risks are associated with natural, climatic and geographical conditions, the level of technological development, and the political situation. They affect not only the activities of enterprises, but also the population of a particular region or state. Business risks are associated with the functioning of enterprises. They relate to the level of certainty of the conditions in which a specific economic entity functions. This includes financial, production, trade, and marketing risks. The risks of agriculture are related to the specifics of the operating conditions of agricultural enterprises. They also have an economic, technological, financial, natural and climatic character. However, the influence of these factors on agriculture is much stronger than on the other types of business activity. A special emphasis is placed on the risks of agriculture, which arose as a result of a full-scale invasion into Ukraine in 2022. These include risks of loss of crops, live animals and animal products, risks of loss or damage of equipment, buildings and land, risks of loss of crop stocks, risks of transportation. At the same time, attention is not focused on labor shortage problems related with the population migrates from shelling zones to safer regions or abroad. As a result of the occurrence of such risks in Ukraine, the volume of exports of agricultural products decreased. The available range of fruit and vegetable products on the domestic market has decreased. A significant number of processing enterprises experienced a shortage of agricultural raw materials. Key words: risk, agriculture, business risk, economic risk, general risk.

Keywords: risk; agriculture; business risk; economic risk; general risk