Індекс сприйняття корупції 2024: аналіз тенденцій та оцінка для України

English

Corruption Perception Index 2024: Trend analysis and assessment for Ukraine

Abstract. Introduction. Economic and political research by scientists and practitioners from different countries all over the world for many decades has focused on the negative consequences of corruption for ensuring the stable development of the state, its risks to national and international systems of economic, social and political security, and the problem of countering corruption, which is inherent, perhaps, to all countries and all regions, regardless of their historical, political, cultural or religious traditions. High level of corruption is associated mostly with weak legislative power, political instability, fragile democratic institutions, as well as increased external pressure. Such countries pose a significant risk in the context of international partnership, joint international and interstate projects, investment projects, and exhibit a high probability of internal crises or conflicts. Therefore, the importance of studying the dynamics and identification of regional and national trends in corruption's perceptions by citizens and experts is highly increasing in the context of assessing the effectiveness of anti-corruption policy and making appropriate decisions to improve it. The purpose of the study is to analyze the results of assessing the effectiveness of anti-corruption processes in Ukraine and throughout the world, in particular the results of the Corruption Perception Index 2024 and its dynamics; to identify and compare the main national and regional trends in Ukraine and other countries, identify risky and negative trends. Materials and methods. The research is based on 1) analytical reports of international organizations on study and assessment of corruption perception and countering corruption in the world; 2) analytical reports of Ukrainian national institutions in the field of corruption prevention; 3) results of sociological research of Ukrainian analytical centers on the identification and analysis of corruption perception and risks. The research is based on a number of general scientific and special methods: methods of analysis and synthesis of scientific information (to identify approaches and methodologies for assessing the effectiveness of combating corruption by various analytical institutions); methods of quantitative analysis and visualization of results (for processing statistical estimates of the CPI and forming elements of visual analytics); comparative-analytical method (to identify and compare regional and national trends in the intensity of corruption cases); induction and deduction (formation of conclusions). Results. The scientific article produces general trends of corruption perception in Ukraine and certain groups of countries over the past 12 years. The criteria for grouping countries for comparison were as follows: i) countries that share borders with Ukraine and have some historical factors common (former socialist countries, but today EU members, except for Moldova); ii) countries that in 2024 received a CPI points at the same level as Ukraine within the statistical error (33-37 points) and with the greatest increase through the period of assessment; iii) countries that in 2024 received a CPI assessment at the level of Ukraine's CPI (34-36 points). Next, the correspondence between the level of corruption in Ukraine and countries with different levels of the Human Development Index and different political regimes was determined. Awareness of current global trends will contribute to increasing the effectiveness of national anti-corruption policy and a more thorough understanding of national risks and challenges. Discussion. In further research it is proposed to pay special attention to studying the experience of leading countries by the CPI, to identify their strengths and weaknesses, to study the possibilities of implementing their experience in institutional and communication anti-corruption policy in Ukraine, considering national peculiarities and needs. The implementation of successful patterns will ensure sustainable economic and social growth of our country on a stable democratic basis and will strengthen Ukraine's position in the international arena.

Keywords: corruption; Corruption Perceptions Index; countering corruption; preventing corruption; anti-corruption policy